知識(shí)拓展:
對(duì)于英語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)接不定式的單詞多為“打算”“計(jì)劃”“希望”“將要做某事”等表示未來(lái)(未做的事)的動(dòng)詞。同樣與不定式表示不同,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行,一般性或經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的行為。
定義:
。ㄕZ(yǔ)態(tài))動(dòng)詞和參與此動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)之間關(guān)系的一個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)起者(或之一)時(shí),稱為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);
如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者,不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to be invited是被邀請(qǐng))
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主語(yǔ))
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作賓語(yǔ))
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定語(yǔ))
My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表語(yǔ))
在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中,修飾主語(yǔ)的不定式可用被動(dòng),也可用主動(dòng)。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時(shí)兩種形式表達(dá)的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)